Hydrostatic surveying-instrument



(No Model.) Y

NLB. SHERMAN.

HYDROSTATIG SURVEYING INSTRUMENT.

, Patented-0.01:. 15, 1895. v

E54- L Inventor.-

mmesses:

l l d .4

AN DREW 5.6RAHAI'L PNUTU-LITHQWASHIN GTUN. U-C,

- `UN1TE rares ATENT; Fries.

MARENUS B. SHERMAN, OF PAYETTE, IDAHO, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO HAROLD GIBSON, OF ST. PAUL, MINNESOTA.

HYDROSTATIC SURVEYlNG-INST'RUVMENT'.

SPEQIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 547,864, dated October 15, 1895.

` Applies@ nea february 25, 1895. serai No. 539,554. (No more out water-courses, by means of which the survey between any two points on a predetermined grade is indicated on a direct-reading scale and the totals of a number of surveys recorded without the use of a note-book.

To this end my invention consists in providing a pair of similar openend glass tubesl mounted on rods or other suitable carriers adjustable upon vertical standards, the tubes being connected by means of a hose and provided at their outer ends with stop-cocks for closing the same. Adjacent toV each tube I arrange two scales, preferably one on each side of the tube, each scale being provided ywith an adjustable indicator, by means of which the reading of each survey is indicated on one and the totals of -the surveys are recorded on the other.

vMy invention further consists in the construction and combination hereinafter particularly described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specication, Figure 1 is a front elevation of my device, shown in position for use. Fig. 2 is a cross-section of one of the rods and its supporting-standard, taken on line x @c ot' Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a cross-section of the rod B, showing the pointers secured to the supporting-standard. Fig. 4 is a det-ail ot' one of the pointers, and Figs. 5 and 6 are details of the indicators for use upon the inside scales upon the measuring-rods.

In the accompanying drawings, A and B represent a pair of similar measuring-instruments, consisting of the rods or carriers 2 and 3,secured to the face of which are the straight open-end tubes 4: and 5, connected by the hose 6. The rods are mounted upon the standards 7 and 8, sliding in the guides 9, and are held in adjusted positions by means of the set-screws 10 and 11. The standards are connected by the surveyors chain 12, equal in length t0 the distance to be surveyed. The

rods upon each side of the tubes are inscribed with scales 13 and 14 and 15 and 16, respectively, numbered up and down from a central point O, the divisions upon one side indicating the rise or vfall in one survey and the scale on the other side being used to register the total rise or fall of all the surveys made, as hereinafter more fully explained.A The tops of the standards are provided with indicators 17 and 18, respectively, for use with'the scales land 16. These indicators are composed of the similar pointers 19 and 20, secured on 0pposite sides of the standards and provided with spurs orlugs 21 and 22, working in guides 23 and 24 in opposite sidesof the rod. The scales on the opposite sides'of the tubes are provided with indicators 25 and 26, each being composed of the block 27,having secured to its opposite sidesthe pointers 28 and 29, provided with thelugs 30 and 31, Working in grooves 32 and 33 in opposite sides of the rod, the indicators being provided with the setscrews 3s and 35, respectively, to secure them in the desired position. The tops of the tubes are provided with stopcocks v36, through which the tubes are filled and by means of which thetubes may be closed to prevent spilling of the contained water. y

In preparing my apparatus for use in laying out a water-course or lines on a predetermined grade enough water is poured into the tubes through the cocks 36 to entirely till the hose and each of the tubes part way, so that when the instruments stand at the same level the reading, as indicated by the height of t-he water, will be the same in both tubes. In surveying down the course the instrument B is carried forward and the instruments A B placed at the points between which it is desired to ascertain the rise or fall from grade, the indicator 17 being set as many inches below O as the desired fall in the grade-line between the two instruments. The rod 3 is then raised or lowered until the water in eachtube rests at the same reading. The reading then shown by the indicatorlS, if above 0, will be the rise from grade-line between A and B, and if below O the fall from grade-line between the two instruments. The amount of the rise or fall is then recorded by the indicator 26 upon its scale, the instruments being carried for- ICO ward until the instrument A occupies the place before occupied by the .instrument B, and another survey is made as "before, the amount of the rise or fall in each survey being added to or subtracted from the indication recorded by the indicator 26. When the indicator 26 has reached ithetop of the scale,

the indication is reported :backito the rod-` carrier at A,who records it with his indicator 25, inches in this being preferably used for feet, the indicator 26 being moved backto0" l and used as before. It will be evident that a total rise or fall can thus be indicated of as many feet as there are feet `on lthe scale u15 and inches on the scale 14.

It will be evident that my device can also,

2. In a hydrostatic surveying appztratus,`

the 4combination of the standards having .a flexibleconnection between of predetermined length, the indicators fixed upon said standards at equal heights, the rods vertically adj ustable on said standards, the hose connected open end tubes carried by said rods, the scale on each rod adjacent the indicator on its standard, the indicator slidable on each rod, and .the scale for such indicator.

3. In an apparatus of the class described, the tcombination with the connected standards, the rods vertically adjustable thereon, and the hose connected tubes carried by said rods, of the means upon said standards for measuring the deviation from a given grade fbetween the standards, and the means also carried bythe standards, and the hose connecting said tubes, means for adjusting the relative height of said tubes on said standards, means arranged in combination with said standards for marking the level on said tubes and for `indicating the deviation from grade between `said standards, and similar means for registeringthetotals.of a plurality of such readings.

The combination with the similar standards, of `the similar rods vertically adjustable thereon, the vertical glass tubes carried by said rods, the hose connection between said tubes, `the `pair of scales on each ot' said rods, the indicator fixed upon said standard adjacent `to one of said scales, andthe indicator slidable upon said rod adjacent said other scale.

lIn testimony whereof I afx my signature in presence of two witnesses.

G. S. `LovnLAND, A. L. PENCE. 

